Whiskey ea Scottish: Leeto le Lelelele la Lilemo tse Lekholo ho tloha ho Reiseng ka Setso ho ea Katolosong ea Lefatše

Tšimoloho le Li-Node tsa Bohlokoa tsa Histori

Whisky ea Scotch, e khutsufalitsoeng e le Scotch, e bontša boemo ba eona bo ikhethang. Seno sena sa boleng bo holimo se ritetsoe ka boqhetseke bo botle bo fetiselitsoeng ho tloha molokong o mong ho ea ho o mong naheng ena ea boholo-holo ea Scotland, e leng se etsang hore e be le tatso e ikhethang le e monate. Lefa la eona le tebileng la nalane le ka saloa morao ho tloha lelokong la Ming Chaena lilemong tse fetang 500 tse fetileng. Ha nako e ntse e ea, whisky ea Scotland e fetohile letlotlo le arolelanoang har'a batho ba latsoang veine le ba ratang veine lefatšeng ka bophara.

Whisky ea Scotland e ka saloa morao lilemong tse fetang 500 tse fetileng, e na le nalane e telele le botle bo ikhethang, bo amang maikutlo a lefats'e ka botebo.

Tšimoloho ea Lino Tse Tahang

Biri ea malt, e le e 'ngoe ea lino tse tahang tsa khale ka ho fetisisa historing ea batho, qalong e ne e le seno se monate, se nang le joala bo fokolang, se belisitsoeng. Leha ho le joalo, hore e be whisky e tsebahalang lefatšeng ka bophara kajeno, e ntse e hloka ho feta nakong ea bohlokoa ea phetoho - "distillation". Lekholong la bo12 la lilemo AD, theknoloji ea distillation e ile ea hlahisoa Europe ka matsoho a Maarabia a tsoang Chaena e hole. Pele ho sena, joala bo bongata bo ne bo sebelisoa haholo lefapheng la bongaka, bo ajoa ke baitlami, 'me bo hlomphuoa e le "metsi a bophelo". Mokelikeli ona oa boselamose o ile oa hapa tlhokomelo e pharaletseng kapele har'a sechaba le kereke.

Morena o etella pele mokhoa oa whisky

Histori ea whisky ea Scotland e ka saloa morao ho fihlela ka 1494, ha Morena James IV oa Scotland a ne a rata whisky haholo 'me a bile a nka karolo ka seqo ts'ebetsong ea eona ea ho e ritela. Sehlekehlekeng sa Aire, moitlami oa Mok'hatholike ea bitsoang John Corr o ile a laeloa ke morena ho reka malt e le thepa e tala le ho etsa whisky e tsejoang e le "metsi a bophelo", e leng se lekanang le libotlolo tse ka bang 1500 kajeno. Ho tloha ka nako eo, whisky e fetohile seno sa borena, 'me boemo ba eona boa bonahala.

Papali ea matla pakeng tsa Morena Su le Morena Ying

Kamora lefu la James IV, Scotland e ile ea oela tlas'a puso ea morena oa Brithani ka 1513. Henry VIII o ile a qhala matlo a baitlami a Scotland mme a qobella baitlami ho tloha malapeng a bona. Kamora ho tsamaea har'a batho, baitlami bana ba ne ba ka itšetleha feela ka mekhoa ea ho qhibilihisa whisky ho iphelisa ka ho etsa whisky libakeng tsa poraefete le mapolasing. Leha ho le joalo, Palamente ea Scotland, e susumetsoang ke lerato la sechaba bakeng sa whisky, e ile ea etsa qeto ea ho e lumella hore e be molaong. Leha ho le joalo, mahlong a lelapa la borena la Brithani, whisky ea Scotland e ntse e le molaong. E le ho fumana karolo ea 'maraka oa whisky empa e sa ikemisetsa ho lumella tlhahiso ea eona hore e be molaong, lelapa la borena la Brithani le ile la sebelisa leano le bolotsana mathoasong a lekholo la bo18 la lilemo - le beha makhetho a boima ho malt. Mohato ona o ile oa mpefatsa kamano e thata pakeng tsa Scotland le Engelane.

Katoloso ea lefats'e e sebelisa menyetla ea nalane

Lekholong la bo19 la lilemo, Brithani e ne e le sehlohlolong sa leruo la eona le atlehileng la naha. Ka monyetla ona, lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa joala tse kang Tommy Dewar, Johnnie Walker, James Chivas, le ba bang li sutumelletse whisky ea Scotland 'marakeng oa lefats'e - ho tloha Hong Kong e maphathaphathe ho ea Hanoi ea boholo-holo, ho tloha Sydney e maphathaphathe ho ea San Francisco e maphathaphathe, ho tloha Montreal e maphathaphathe ho ea Mumbai e maphathaphathe, esita le ho ea Cape Town le Lihlekehlekeng tsa Cape Verde tse hole. Leeto la lefats'e la whisky ea Scotland le qalile, le hapile lerato le tšoarellang la bareki ba lefats'e mme le rala motheo o tiileng oa katleho ea kajeno.

Boqapi ba theknoloji ka mor'a Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše

Ka 1938, United States e ile ea fetoha 'maraka o moholo oa kantle ho naha oa whisky ea Scotland. Kamora ho fela ha Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, whisky e ile ea rehoa lebitso la "seno sa lefats'e le lokolohileng," ka lebaka la papatso e pharalletseng Hollywood le ho fihlella ha linaha tsa Europe tsa Allies, botumo ba eona bo ile ba hola letsatsi le letsatsi. Ka 1970, tlhahiso ea whisky ea malt e ne e imenne habeli ha e bapisoa le 1960. Ka keketseho ea tlhahiso, libaka tsa ho etsa li-whiskey le tsona li ile tsa ntlafatsoa. ​​Tanka ea ho etsa li-saccharification e iketsang ka bo eona e nkile sebaka sa litanka tsa setso tsa ho etsa li-rake le plow, 'me ts'ebetso ea eona e sebetsang hantle le ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa li ekelitse katleho ea mosebetsi hararo. Ho feta moo, libaka tse ngata tsa ho etsa li-distilleries le tsona li hlahisitse li-still tsa mollo tse tobileng 'me butle-butle li fetohela mekhoeng ea ho futhumatsa ka mouoane.

Ho phahama ha malt e le 'ngoe

Lilemong tsa bo-1960, feme ea ho etsa li-distillaire ea Glenfiddich e ile ea bontša temohisiso e matla ea 'maraka' me ea etsa qeto ea ho khaotsa mokhoa ka ho khothaletsa veine ea bona ka mokhoa oa "single malt". Leha whisky e tsoakiloeng e ne e busa 'marakeng ka nako eo, mohato ona o mocha o ile oa bula tsela bakeng sa ho phahama ha whisky ea single malt. Glenfiddich e rekisitse mabokose a 11422 a whisky ea single malt, 'me ka 1970, thekiso ea bona ea selemo le selemo e ne e fetile mabokose a 50000, e leng karolo ea boraro ea karolo ea' maraka oa kantle ho naha oa Sunway 'me e fetoha khoebo e etellang pele ho whisky ea single malt.

'Maraka o atlehang oa Chaena

Lilemong tse 20 tse fetileng, lerato la Chaena bakeng sa whisky ea Scotland le holile ka potlako, 'me mokhoa ona o lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele. Le hoja Baijiu e busa 'marakeng oa joala oa Chaena, bareki ba bacha le ba matla licheleteng ba retelehela ho Solvay. Bareki ba Chaena ba thahasella lefa la nalane le tebileng la Suwei le tsebo ea setso. Barati ba bangata ba whisky ba ikemiselitse ho lefa ho feta £150 ka botlolo, 'me ba fetang 90% ba bona ba lumela hore malt e le' ngoe ke lino tse tahang tsa boleng bo holimo 'marakeng. Ho ea ka lintlha tse tsoang ho China Customs ka 2021, palo ea whisky ea malapeng e tsoang kantle ho naha e eketsehile ka 43.9% selemo le selemo, ea fihla lilithara tse limilione tse 30.28, 'me boleng ba kantle ho naha bo eketsehile ka 92%, ba fihla lidolara tse limilione tse 460 tsa Amerika.